5. Basic directories

Directory Description
/bin User commands files
/boot System initialization files
/dev Peripherals (devices) files
/etc Applications and system services configuration files
/home Conventionally, personal directories for users with an account on the system can be found here
/lib System and applications libraries and core modules
/lost+found Used for file retrieval after a check with fsck
/mnt Contains directories for mounting removable file systems (disk reader, CD-ROM, etc.)
/opt Local applications
/root Superuser's home directory
/sbin System administration commands files
/tmp Temporary files
/usr Applications, libraries, and documentation.
/var Files for saving variable data: journals (logs), queues (spool)